16-Present Perfect Continuous Tense

 

Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Pengertian

Present Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan:

1. Suatu tindakan yang dimulai di masa lalu dan masih berlangsung sampai sekarang, atau

2. Suatu tindakan yang baru saja selesai, tetapi hasilnya masih terasa sekarang.

Fokusnya adalah pada durasi atau lamanya kegiatan, bukan hanya hasilnya.

---

Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat

✅ Kalimat Verbal (karena selalu ada kata kerja utama)

Bentuk	Rumus	Contoh
(+) Positif	Subject + has/have + been + Verb-ing	She has been studying for 3 hours.
(-) Negatif	Subject + has/have + not + been + Verb-ing	They haven’t been working lately.
(?) Interogatif	Has/Have + Subject + been + Verb-ing?	Have you been reading this book?
(?) WH-Question	WH + has/have + Subject + been + Verb-ing?	What have you been doing?

---

Penggunaan / Fungsi Present Perfect Continuous

1. Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang dimulai di masa lalu dan masih berlangsung hingga sekarang

   I have been reading this book since morning.
   They have been waiting for you for an hour.

2. Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang baru saja berhenti, tetapi masih terasa dampaknya sekarang

   She has been crying (matanya masih merah).
   I have been running (saya kelelahan sekarang).

3. Untuk menekankan durasi suatu kegiatan

   We have been living here for 10 years.
   He has been working at that company since 2015.

---

Keterangan Waktu (Time Expressions)

Umumnya digunakan bersama:

• Since → sejak (titik waktu)

  I have been studying since 8 AM.

• For → selama (durasi waktu)

  They have been waiting for 30 minutes.

• Lately / Recently → akhir-akhir ini

  She has been feeling tired lately.

---

Perbandingan Singkat dengan Present Perfect Tense

Tense	Fokus	Contoh
Present Perfect	Hasil / dampak	I have cleaned the room. (lihat hasilnya: bersih)
Present Perfect Continuous	Proses / durasi	I have been cleaning the room. (masih dalam proses / baru selesai)

---

Contoh Kalimat Present Perfect Continuous Tense

➕ Positif:

• I have been working all day.

• She has been learning English for 2 years.

➖ Negatif:

• I haven’t been sleeping well.

• He hasn’t been coming to class recently.

❓ Tanya:

• Have you been studying for the test?
  → Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.

• Has it been raining all day?
  → Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t.