16-Present Simple Tense

✅ Simple Present Tense

📌 Pengertian

Simple Present Tense adalah bentuk kalimat yang digunakan untuk menyatakan:

1. Kegiatan rutin atau kebiasaan sehari-hari

2. Fakta atau kebenaran umum

3. Keadaan yang tetap / tidak berubah

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📚 Rumus Umum

1️⃣ Kalimat Verbal (menggunakan kata kerja)

Bentuk	Rumus	Contoh
(+) Positif	Subject + Verb 1 (tambah -s/es jika He/She/It)	I go to school. / She goes to school.
(-) Negatif	Subject + don’t / doesn’t + Verb 1	I don’t play. / He doesn’t play.
(?) Tanya	Do / Does + Subject + Verb 1?	Do you like tea? / Does she like tea?

❗ Gunakan "does" untuk He, She, It
❗ Kata kerja kembali ke bentuk dasar setelah don’t / doesn’t

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2️⃣ Kalimat Nominal (tanpa kata kerja utama)

Gunakan to be (am, is, are)

Subjek	To be
I	am
You, We, They	are
He, She, It	is

Bentuk	Rumus	Contoh
(+) Positif	Subject + to be + Complement	She is a teacher.
(-) Negatif	Subject + to be + not + Complement	I am not a student.
(?) Tanya	To be + Subject + Complement?	Are you ready? / Is he home?

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✨ Contoh Kalimat Verbal

• (+) I read books every day.

• (+) She reads a book every morning.

• (-) They don’t watch TV at night.

• (-) He doesn’t play football.

• (?) Do you like coffee?

• (?) Does she speak English?

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✨ Contoh Kalimat Nominal

• (+) I am a student.

• (+) He is tired.

• (-) She is not at home.

• (?) Are they in the classroom?

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📌 Penambahan “s/es” pada Kata Kerja

✅ Tambahkan -s:

Speak → Speaks
Write → Writes

✅ Tambahkan -es jika berakhiran ch, sh, s, x, o:

Go → Goes
Watch → Watches
Fix → Fixes

✅ Jika berakhiran huruf mati + y, ubah y → ies:

Study → Studies
Carry → Carries

✅ Jika berakhiran huruf vokal + y, cukup tambah s:

Play → Plays
Buy → Buys

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🧠 Fungsi Simple Present Tense

1. Kebiasaan / rutinitas

   She gets up at 6 every morning.

2. Fakta atau kebenaran umum

   The sun rises in the east.

3. Instruksi atau jadwal tetap

   The train leaves at 9 o'clock.

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🕒 Keterangan Waktu yang Umum Digunakan

• every day / every week

• always, usually, sometimes, never

• in the morning / at night

• on Monday / at 7 AM

• once a week / twice a month

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🎯 Latihan Mini (Jawab dalam hati):

1. Does she go to school every day?

2. I ___ (not/play) football on Sunday.

3. They ___ (study) English every night.